气力输送又称气流输送，是利用气流的力量，在封闭的管道中，沿气流的方向将粒状物料输送到终端。它是流态化技术的具体应用。物料气力输送装置结构简单，操作方便，可作水平和垂直方向输送。

Pneumatic conveying, also known as airflow conveying, uses the force of airflow to transport granular materials to the terminal along the direction of airflow in a closed pipeline. It is the specific application of fluidization technology. The material pneumatic conveying device has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, and can be transported horizontally and vertically.

物料气力输送装置出厂前对物料的系统气体比进行初步的预算和配置，即物料(物料)与气体(输送介质)的质量比。料气比，即需要输送一定重量的物料所需要的气体的重量，其选定指标是根据物料的性质、物料参数、输送形式、系统输出量、系统管径等参数综合考虑而设定的。

The material pneumatic conveying device makes a preliminary budget and configuration for the system gas ratio of materials before leaving the factory, that is, the mass ratio of materials (materials) to gas (conveying medium). The material gas ratio refers to the weight of the gas required to transport a certain weight of material. Its selected index is set according to the comprehensive consideration of material properties, material parameters, transportation form, system output, system pipe diameter and other parameters.

物料气力输送装置按照设计思路完成所有的安装工作后，所有的维护配置是不准备更改的，但在此调试环节会对节流孔板进行多次修改。多次修改孔板的目的是为了调节进入密闭管道的空气流量，应与物料的重量相匹配。当达到匹配值时，我们输送的材料多，消耗的气体少，从而达到节约资源和稳定系统的目的。

After all the installation work of the material pneumatic conveying device is completed according to the design idea, all the maintenance configurations are not ready to be changed, but the throttle orifice will be modified many times in this commissioning link. The purpose of modifying the orifice plate for many times is to adjust the air flow into the closed pipe, which should match the weight of the material. When the matching value is reached, we transport more materials and consume less gas, so as to save resources and stabilize the system.

在气力输送装置中，节流孔装置有很多种形式，如螺杆式、管接头式、压板式等。在漫长的制度演变过程中，出现了许多先进的制度形式。节流孔板的作用是使气路管道适当位置的孔径变小。当气体通过缝隙变小引起的收缩时，流束会变薄或收缩。流梁的小的截面发生在实际收缩口的下游，称为收缩截面。在收缩流段，流速大，流速的增加伴随着收缩流段压力的大幅度降低。当光束扩展到更大的区域时，速度减小，压力大，但下游压力并没有完全恢复到上游压力，这是由于内部湍流消耗更大。

In pneumatic conveying devices, there are many forms of orifice devices, such as screw type, pipe joint type, pressing plate type and so on. In the long process of institutional evolution, many advanced institutional forms have emerged. The function of throttle orifice plate is to reduce the aperture at the appropriate position of gas pipeline. When the gas shrinks through the gap, the flow beam will become thinner or shrink. The small section of the flow beam occurs downstream of the actual shrinkage port, which is called the shrinkage section. In the contraction section, the flow velocity is large, and the increase of flow velocity is accompanied by the significant decrease of pressure in the contraction section. When the beam expands to a larger area, the velocity decreases and the pressure is high, but the downstream pressure does not fully return to the upstream pressure, which is due to the greater internal turbulence consumption.

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